In the laser cutting process, the main factors that affect the cutting quality performance include laser beam quality, laser power, cutting speed, workpiece thickness, material type, etc. In addition, the nozzle design of the laser cutting head is also an important factor. So how does the nozzle affect the cutting quality of the fiber laser cutter?
The nozzle is usually installed at the front end of the laser cutting head, which helps to control the auxiliary gas and protect the focus lens.
On the one hand, when the nozzle center is different from the laser center, it will cause the following effects:
1.When the cutting gas is sprayed, the gas volume is not uniform, so the cut part is more likely to have one side that is melted, and the other side does not have a side that is melted. In particular, when the thickness of the cut metal plate exceeds 3 mm, the effect is more serious, and sometimes it cannot be cut.
2.When cutting workpieces with sharp or small angles, local excessive melting may occur, which affects the cutting quality. It may also make it impossible to cut thick plates.
3.Especially when perforating a thick plate, it will cause instability in the perforation process, time is not easy to control, and the penetration of the thick plate may lead to excessive melting.
On the other hand, when the nozzle diameter is different, the cutting quality of the fiber laser cutting machine will have the following effects:
The nozzles have different diameters, such as φ1.0mm, φ1.5mm, φ2.0mm, φ2.5mm, φ3.0mm. At present, the nozzle aperture usually uses two sizes: φ1.5mm and φ2mm.
1.Sheet thickness below 3mm
The diameter of the copper nozzle is φ1.5mm, which is more suitable for the plate below 3mm, and the cutting surface is thinner. If you use a copper nozzle with a diameter of φ2mm, the cutting surface will be thicker and the corners will melt easily.
2.Sheet thickness above3mm
When cutting plates with a thickness of more than 3mm, due to the high cutting power, the heat dissipation time is longer, and the cutting time is relatively increased. If a copper nozzle with a diameter of φ1.5mm is used, the gas diffusion area is small and unstable in use, but it can be basically used. However, if a copper nozzle with a diameter of φ2mm is used, the gas diffusion area is large, the gas flow rate is slow, and the cutting is stable.
3.Sheet thickness above10mm
The copper nozzle with a diameter of φ2.5mm can only be used for cutting 10mm or thicker plates.
In short, the size of the nozzle seriously affects the cutting quality and perforation quality. Currently, laser cutting uses nozzles with φ1.5mm and φ2mm apertures.
It is worth noting that during the cutting process, the workpiece and the nozzle need to maintain a stable distance to prevent splashes from rebounding during the cutting process. The diameter of the nozzle determines the shape of the gas flow entering the slit, the gas diffusion area and the gas flow rate, thereby affecting the removal of the melt and the stability of the cutting. The gas flow into the slit is large, the speed is fast, the position of the workpiece in the gas flow is appropriate, and the ability to spray the melt is stronger. Therefore, the larger the selected nozzle aperture, the worse the protection of the focusing lens, because when the sparks of the melt splash, the possibility of bombs is very high, which makes the life of the lens shorter. When the nozzle is deformed or the nozzle is melted, its effect on the cutting quality is the same as the above.
Therefore, the nozzle should be placed carefully and should not be damaged to avoid deformation. The melted stains on the nozzle should be cleaned up in time. The nozzle should be precise during manufacture and needs to be installed correctly. If the conditions are changed during the cutting process due to poor nozzle quality, the nozzle should be replaced in time. If you want to know more about nozzle of fiber laser cutter, please contact SENFENG USA.
Tel: 562-319-8053
Email: info@senfenglaserusa.com
